How does high sodium intake affect blood pressure?

High sodium intake has a well-documented effect on blood pressure, leading to elevated levels in many individuals. When sodium is consumed in excess, it causes the body to retain more water to balance the sodium concentration in the bloodstream. This increased volume of fluid in the circulatory system raises the pressure on blood vessel walls, ultimately resulting in higher blood pressure.

This relationship is particularly significant in individuals who are salt-sensitive, meaning their blood pressure is more likely to rise in response to increased sodium intake. High blood pressure, or hypertension, can lead to serious health complications, including heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease. Therefore, understanding the impact of sodium on blood pressure is crucial for managing overall health and preventing cardiovascular issues.

The other choices do not accurately reflect the established link between sodium intake and blood pressure levels, emphasizing the importance of recognizing the detrimental effects of high sodium consumption on cardiovascular health.