What is a major health benefit of pasteurization?

The major health benefit of pasteurization is that it kills harmful microorganisms. This process involves heating food and beverages, particularly dairy products like milk, to a specific temperature for a set period of time. By doing this, pathogens that can cause foodborne illnesses, such as bacteria and viruses, are effectively eliminated. This is crucial for ensuring the safety of products that are consumed, thereby reducing the risk of illness among the population.

While pasteurization does not significantly enhance the nutritional content of milk or improve its taste, it plays a vital role in preserving public health. It is also important to note that while pasteurization can increase the shelf life of dairy products, it does not negate the need for refrigeration; therefore, the claim of increasing shelf life without refrigeration is not an accurate representation of the process's benefits.