Which macronutrient provides the most energy per gram?

Fats provide the most energy per gram compared to other macronutrients. Specifically, fats offer about 9 calories per gram, while proteins and carbohydrates each provide about 4 calories per gram. Sugars are a type of carbohydrate, so they also fall under the same caloric value as carbohydrates. The high caloric content of fats makes them an important component of the diet, especially for providing energy reserves in the body. This energy density is crucial for energy balance and metabolism, particularly in situations where higher amounts of energy are needed, such as during extended physical activity or in periods of caloric restriction. Understanding this aspect of macronutrients can help in making informed dietary choices that align with energy needs.